Skip to main content
Hashemi Eye Care - Neuroscience Institute and Research Center

Thymectomy

Surgical removal of the thymus gland, which can improve myasthenia gravis symptoms.

2 min read

Thymectomy is surgical removal of the thymus gland. In myasthenia gravis, the thymus is often abnormal and removing it can improve symptoms or lead to remission.

Key Takeaways

  • Removes thymus gland
  • Can improve myasthenia gravis
  • Required if thymoma (thymus tumor) present
  • Benefits may take years to fully appear
  • Minimally invasive options available

Why It's Done

Required

  • Thymoma (tumor of thymus)—must be removed
  • Thymic carcinoma
  • Generalized myasthenia with AChR antibodies
  • Patients under 60-65 years
  • May improve symptoms and medication needs

Less Clear Benefit

The Procedure

Approaches

  • VATS (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery)—minimally invasive
  • Robotic surgery—minimally invasive
  • Sternotomy—open chest (less common now)
  • Transcervical—through neck

What to Expect

  • General anesthesia
  • 1-4 hours depending on approach
  • Hospital stay 1-4 days
  • Recovery weeks to months

Results

MGTX Trial Findings

  • Improved symptoms in many patients
  • Reduced medication needs
  • Benefits may take 2-3 years to fully appear
  • Higher rates of minimal-manifestation outcomes were reported versus prednisone alone

Thymoma Removal

  • Prevents tumor growth/spread
  • May or may not improve MG symptoms

Risks

  • Bleeding
  • Infection
  • Nerve injury
  • Myasthenic crisis (temporary worsening)
  • Anesthesia risks

After Surgery

  • Gradual return to activities
  • Continue MG medications (may reduce later)
  • Regular neurology follow-up
  • Monitor for improvement over years
Was this article helpful?